{"id":1220,"date":"2020-05-20T00:06:35","date_gmt":"2020-05-19T22:06:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wpchronocarto.gaillard.info\/2020\/05\/20\/ainos-modern-enez-turkey\/"},"modified":"2026-02-06T19:31:09","modified_gmt":"2026-02-06T18:31:09","slug":"ainos-modern-enez-turkey","status":"publish","type":"projet","link":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/projet\/ainos-modern-enez-turkey\/","title":{"rendered":"Ainos (modern Enez) Turkey"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

See also the 3D vid\u00e9o : \u201c Ainos 480 BC: hypothetical reconstruction of the SE Thracian coast at the beginning of the second Persian invasion of Greece<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"baie-de-doriskos_-flotte-de-xerxes.gif\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The participants<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

– Anca Dan<\/a>, Michel Dabas <\/a> : AOrOc, CNRS, ENS-PSL
– Matt\u00e9o Tanghe<\/a>, infographist freelance, AOrOc
– \u015eahan K\u0131r\u00e7\u0131n<\/a>, Sait Ba\u015faran : Turkish Ministry of Culture at Ankara, General Directorate of Archaeology, Enez excavations and Edirne Museum.
– Helmut Br\u00fcckner <\/a>: Cologne University, Institute of Geography
– Wolfgang Rabbel<\/a>, Ercan Erkul <\/a>: Kiel University, Marine Science
– Lyudmila Shumilovskikh <\/a>: G\u00f6ttingen University, Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– SPP 1630 Harbours\/H\u00e4fen de la DFG<\/a> : The Thracian harbour city Ainos in Roman and Byzantine times – the development of a traffic hub in a changing environment.
– Legecartas du CNRS<\/strong><\/a>: LEctures G\u00c9oarch\u00e9ologiques des CARTes AncienneS (2017-2019)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The project<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ainos\/Enez<\/a> is an ancient Thracian, Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Genovese, Ottoman and Turkish city in the Eastern Mediterranean, on the modern frontier between Turkey and Greece. However, human presence on the promontory to the south of the delta of the Hebros (modern Maritza\/Meri\u00e7) River could go back to ca. 6000 years. For a better understanding of Ainos\u2019 past, an international team cooperates in a multidisciplinary project under the authority of the Turkish representatives of the Ministry of Culture. Their aim is to reconstruct the evolution of the environment at the mouths of the Hebros during the Holocene. By combining the data obtained from geoelectric and geomagnetic surveys, sedimentological and palaeobiological analyses of 14C-dated drill cores as well as archaeological excavations, we hope to put together a 4D GIS database, with a detailed reconstruction of Ainos\u2019 urban and suburban topography and environs throughout the ages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"geoarchive_arch_quellen_201200207_englisch-01.jpg\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– H. Br\u00fcckner, \u00ab\u00a0Geoarch\u00e4ologie – in Forschung und Lehre\u00a0\u00bb, in H.-R. Bork, H. Meller, R. Gerlach (eds.), Umweltarch\u00e4ologie – Naturkatastrophen und Umweltwandel im arch\u00e4ologischen Befund. 3. Mitteldeutscher Arch\u00e4ologentag vom 07. bis 09. Oktober 2010 in Halle (Saale). Tagungen des Landesmuseums f\u00fcr Vorgeschichte Halle (Saale), 6, 2011, p. 9-20.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

For the public interested in the visualisation of the past, two successive projects (SPP 1630 Harbours\/H\u00e4fen of the DFG and Legecartas of CNRS) allowed us to propose a preliminary, still very hypothetical scenario of the environmental evolution of Ainos, by comparing the present day situation to four important time slices:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. During the Chalcolithic<\/strong> (5th-4th millennium BC), when the first people seem to have inhabited \u2013 at least for some time \u2013 the site of Ainos, during that time a small island in one of the biggest gulfs of the northern Aegean.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. At the end of the Archaic period,<\/strong> between the 6th and the 5th centuries BC., when the Persian army of Xerxes, coming from Aeolis towards Greece, occupied the peninsula of Ainos to the south-west of the Hebros Delta. Like other north-Aegean cities, Ainos won back its freedom in the second quarter of the 5th century BC, thanks to the help of the Athenians, who had significant commercial interests in the region.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. In early Roman imperial times<\/strong>, when Strabo and Pliny the Elder wrote the most ancient descriptions (partially preserved to our days) of the two mouths of the Hebros River and of Ainos, the city which controlled them.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. By the end of the 18th century,<\/strong> when the Earl of Choiseul-Gouffier made the first geographical measures for a modern map of the European parts of Turkey.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    It is important to note that the preliminary scenarios of the environmental evolution of the Ainos region \u2013 based on historical maps, Turkish archaeological excavations (directed by Sait Ba\u015faran since 1993) and German geoarchaeological surveys and drills (directed by Helmut Br\u00fcckner and Wolfgang Rabbel since 2011) \u2013 are still conjectural in many parts; they will be improved during the next campaigns. Nonetheless, these first sketches have a heuristic value and help to put the as yet existing knowledge in a simple and coherent shape. They also force us to fill the gaps \u2013 for example when suggesting the trajectories of the terrestrial, fluvial and maritime paths, Ainos\u2019 water management as well as its frontiers between the Aegean Sea and the Thracian hinterland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    The tools<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    For the reconstruction of the historical maps, Michel Dabas and Matt\u00e9o Tanghe used Qgis and Global Mapper, two programs through which they changed the present day elevation and water levels by taking into account the geomorphological results of Helmut Br\u00fcckner and the historical documents of Anca Dan. The page layout was made with Inkscape. For transforming the 2D satellite image into 3D, Matt\u00e9o Tanghe used the heightmap technique on SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) layers obtained from NASA and NGA. Next, Matt\u00e9o Tanghe used Unreal Engine and completed the 3D environment with a vegetation pattern inspired from the palaeobotanical reconstructions of Lyudmila Shumilovskikh. In order to stage Xerxes\u2019 campaign to Greece through Ainos and Doriskos in 480 BC, Matt\u00e9o Tanghe drew historical objects (ships, streets) with Blender, and finally assembling this experimental video with Kdenlive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bibliography<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    – S. Ba\u015faran, \u201cZum Stra\u00dfennetz um Ainos\u201d, P. Scherrer, H. T\u00e4uber, H. Th\u00fcr (eds), Steine und Wege. Festschrift f\u00fcr Dieter Knibbe zum 65. Geburtstag, Wien, 1999, p. 343-348.
    – S. Ba\u015faran, Enez (Ainos), Istanbul, 2011.
    – A. Ye\u015fil, A. Uzun, S. Ba\u015faran, A. Aksu, Enez. Its Natural, Cultural, and Touristic Beauties, Istanbul, 2017.
    – Th. Schmidts, M.M. Vu\u010deti\u0107 (eds.), H\u00e4fen im ersten Millennium AD. Bauliche Konzepte, herrschaftliche und religi\u00f6se Einfl\u00fcsse: RGZM-Tagungen, 22, Mainz, 2015 (ISBN 978-3-88467-249-5).
    – H. Br\u00fcckner, Th. Schmidts, H. B\u00fccherl, A. Pint, M. Seeliger, \u201cDie H\u00e4fen und ufernahen Befestigungen von Ainos \u2013 eine Zwischenbilanz\u201d, in Th. Schmidts, M.M. Vu\u010deti\u0107 (eds.), H\u00e4fen im ersten Millennium AD. Bauliche Konzepte, herrschaftliche und religi\u00f6se Einfl\u00fcsse: RGZM-Tagungen, 22, Mainz, 2015 (ISBN 978-3-88467-249-5), p. 53-76.
    – W. Rabbel, D. Wilken, T. Wunderlich, S. B\u00f6decker, H. Br\u00fcckner, J. Byock, C. von Carnap-Bornheim, H. Kennecke, M. Karle, S. Kalmring, S. Messal, Th. Schmidts, M. Seeliger, M., Segschneider, D. Zori, \u201cGeophysikalische Prospektion von Hafensituationen \u2013 M\u00f6glichkeiten, Anwendungen und Forschungsbedarf\u201d, in Th. Schmidts, M.M. Vu\u010deti\u0107 (eds.), H\u00e4fen im ersten Millennium AD. Bauliche Konzepte, herrschaftliche und religi\u00f6se Einfl\u00fcsse: RGZM-Tagungen, 22, Mainz, 2015 (ISBN 978-3-88467-249-5), p. 323-340.
    – M. Seeliger, A. Pint, P. Frenzel, P.K. Weisenseel, E. Erkul, D. Wilken, T. Wunderlich, S. Ba\u015faran, H. B\u00fccherl, M. Herbrecht, W. Rabbel, Th. Schmidts, N. Szemkus, H. Br\u00fcckner, \u201cUsing a multi-proxy approach to detect and date a buried part of the Hellenistic city wall of Ainos (NW Turkey)\u201d, Geosciences, 8.20, 2018, 357, doi:10.3390\/geosciences8100357.
    – M. Schwardt, D. K\u00f6hn, T. Wunderlich, D. Wilken, M. Seeliger, Th. Schmidts, H. Br\u00fcckner, S. Ba\u015faran, W. Rabbel, \u201cCharacterisation of silty to fine\u2010sandy sediments with SH\u2010waves: full waveform inversion in comparison to other geophysical methods\u201d, Near Surface Geophysics 18.3, 2020, 217-248, doi.org\/10.1002\/nsg.12097.
    – A. Dan, S. Ba\u015faran, H. Br\u00fcckner, E. Erkul, A. Pint, W. Rabbel, L. Shumilovskikh, D. Wilken, T. Wunderlich, \u201cAinos in Thrace: Research Perspectives in Historical Geography and Geoarchaeology\u201d, Anatolia Antiqua 27, 2019, 127-144.
    – A. Dan, S. Ba\u015faran, H. Br\u00fcckner, E. Erkul, A. Pint, W. Rabbel, L. Shumilovskikh, M. Tanghe, D. Wilken, T. Wunderlich, \u00ab Nouvelles recherches historiques et g\u00e9oarch\u00e9ologiques \u00e0 Ainos : pour une premi\u00e8re restitution graphique de la ville et du territoire antique \u00bb, in \u00ab Bulletin de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise d\u2019arch\u00e9ologie classique (XLX, 2018-2019) \u00bb, Revue arch\u00e9ologique 69, 1\/2020, 141-191 (p. 152-162).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Project leader: Anca Dan (AOROC)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":1885,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"tags":[145,152,205,200,203,315,206,316,146,199,202,201],"langue":[305],"type-de-publication":[15],"class_list":["post-1220","projet","type-projet","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-aoroc-umr8546-cnrs-ens","tag-cnrs-centre-national-de-la-recherche-scientifique","tag-dfg-deutsche-forschungsgemeinschaft","tag-enez-ainos-turquie","tag-institut-francais-detudes-anatoliennes-istanbul","tag-mae","tag-ministere-de-la-culture-ankara-turquie","tag-ministere-des-affaires-etrangeres","tag-psl-paris-sciences-et-lettres-universite-de-recherche","tag-universite-de-cologne","tag-universite-de-gottingen","tag-universite-de-kiel","langue-autre-langue","type-de-publication-cartographie-moyenne-echelle"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/projet\/1220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/projet"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/projet"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/projet\/1220\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2412,"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/projet\/1220\/revisions\/2412"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1220"},{"taxonomy":"langue","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/langue?post=1220"},{"taxonomy":"type-de-publication","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.chronocarto.ens.fr\/wpchrono\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/type-de-publication?post=1220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}